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China

China was a leading civilization for centuries, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but by the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the Communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, his successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet political controls remain tight.

The Chinese calendar is based on exact astronomical observations of the longitude of the sun and the phases of the moon, which determine the Chinese New Year festival dates. Most of the world uses the Gregorian calendar, which adds a extra day every four years, while the Chinese insert an extra month once every few years. The Chinese and Gregorian do coincide every 19 years.

Total Border: 22,117 km
border countries: Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km, India 3,380 km, Kazakhstan 1,533 km, North Korea 1,416 km, Kyrgyzstan 858 km, Laos 423 km, Mongolia 4,677 km, Nepal 1,236 km, Pakistan 523 km, Russia (northeast) 3,605 km, Russia (northwest) 40 km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam 1,281 km
regional borders: Hong Kong 30 km, Macau 0.34 km.

China is the world's fourth largest country (after Russia, Canada, and US), however China is the most populous country in the world.

On 22 July 2009, some of China will experience a total eclipse of the Sun, including the cities of Thimbu, Dhubri, Dibrugarh, Chengdu, Suining, Chongqing, Xiaogan, Wuhan, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Ninbo. The eclipse will last 5 minutes or more in Xiaogan, Wuhan, Shanghai, and Hangzhou. Nanjing and Nazekai will experience 99.9% coverage. A partial eclipse will be visible over most of China. The Sun can be viewed safely with the naked eye only during the brief time of a total solar eclipse.

China, People's Republic of China

China from US Sources

China Provinces

Anhui Province China

Anhui Province, with the capital of Hefei, is adjacent to the provinces of Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang, is an inland province.

Fujian Province China

In southeast China, on the coast of the East China Sea. It faces Taiwan and borders Zhejiang on the northeast, Jiangxi on the southwest, and Guangdong on the southwest. Its territory includes 121,400 square kilometers land and 136,300 square kilometers of sea. The coastline is 3,324 km, and with more than 1,400 islands, Fujian is a navigation hub between the East China Sea and the South China Sea.

Gansu Province China

In China's western inland area, on the upper Yellow River, the Gansu Province borders Shaanxi Province in the east, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the northeast, Qinghai Province and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the west, and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the People's Republic of Mongolia in the north. Lanzhou is the Capital.

Guangdong Province China

On the south east coast of China, with a coastline of 3,368 km on the South China Sea. Four major rivers flow through the provence, the largest, the Pearl River, at 2,122 km is the third longest river in China.

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

On the coast in South China

Guizhou Province China

An inland province in the south central of China, bordered by Chongqing on the north, and Sichuan on the north and west, Yunnan and Guangxi on the south, and Hunan on the east. Guiyang is the Capital.

Hainan Province China

Located in the South China Sea, Hainan Island is China's second largest island after Taiwan

Hebei Province China

Beijing, the capital of China, and Tianjin, the important trading port in the north of China, are in the center of the province, although are not part of it. It borders Liaoning and Inner Mongolia in the north, Shanxi Province in the west and Henan and Shandong provinces in the south. The Bohai Sea lies to the east of the province with a coastline of 487 km.

Heilongjaing Providence China

Located in the Northeast of China, at the northernmost part of the country. It neighbors Russia across the Heilongjiang running north and Wusuli rivers running east; in the west, it borders the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region; and to the south it borders the Jilin Province. The Capital is Harbin.

Henan Province China

Located in east central China, on the plain between the Yellow and Huaihe rivers. Borders the Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hubei, Anhui and Shandong provinces. The Capital is Zhengzhou.

Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR)

Occupied by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year; various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be imposed on Hong Kong and that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years.

Hong Kong Transportation

Traffic, Buses and Airport Information

City of Hong Kong

City of Hong Kong

Hong Kong SAR comprises Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, the New Territories, and numerous small islands. Located in Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and southern China.

Hong Kong Performing Arts
Hong Kong Living Arts

Hubei Province China

Borders the Henan Province on the north, Anhui Province on the east, Jiangxi Province on the southeast, Hunan Province on the south, Chongqing Municipality on the west and Shaanxi Province on the northwest.

Hunan Province China

Borders Henan on the north, Chongqing and Guizhou on the west, Guizhou and Guangdong on the south, and Anhui and Jiangxi on the east. The Capital is Changsha.

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

A long, narrow strip of land sloping from northeast to southwest. It stretches 2,400 km from west to east and 1,700 km from north to south. It borders Mongolia and Russia in the north, and eight Provinces.

Jiangsu Province China

At the center of the east coast, the coastline extends about 1,000 km. The province links Anhui and Shandong provinces in the northwest and borders with Shanghai and Zhejiang Province in the southeast. The Capital is Nanjing.

Jiangxi Province China

It borders Zhejiang and Fujian provinces in the east, Guangdong Province in the south, Hunan Province in the west and Hubei and Anhui provinces in the north. The Capital is Nanchang.

Jilin Province China

With Changchun as its capital, Jilin Province lies in the middle of Northeast China.

Liaoning Province China

Borders Jilin and Hebei provinces and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and is bordered by the Yalu River by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Shenyang is the Capital.

Macao, Macau SAR, Macau Special Administrative Region, China

Bordering the South China Sea and China, 64 km West of Hong Kong

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China

In northwest China, it borders Shaanxi Province in the east, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north, and Gansu Province in the south. The capital is Yinchuan.

No Website.

Qinghai Province China

Borders the Gansu and Sichuan provinces, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Tibet Autonomous Region. The Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers originate in this Province.

No Website.

Shaanxi Province China

In the north interior of China on the yellow river, it borders Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the provinces of Shanxi, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan and Gansu.

Shandong Province China

On China's eastern coast line, the province consists of the Shandong Peninsula and adjacent inland, and adjoins the provinces of Hebei, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu.

Shanxi Province China

In the north east interior, Shanxi Province is in the middle of the Yellow River valley. The capital is Taiyuan.

Sichuan Province China

Sichuan, in West China, covers most of the Sichuan Basin. It is bordered by Qinghai, Shaanxi, and Henan province on the north, Tibet on the west, Yunnan and Guizhou on the south and Chongqing on the east. The Capital is Chengdu.

Tiawan China

Taiwan is located off the Pacific coast of Taiwan, it has two major islands, Green Island and Orchid Island.

Tianjin Province China

Tianjin adjoins Beijing in the north and borders on Tangshan, Chengde, Langfang and Cangzhou of Hebei Province in the east, west and south respectively. The coast line is about 133 km long.

Tibet Providence China

Tibet adjoins Xinjiang and the province of Qinghai in the north, Sichuan in the east, Yunnan in the southeast, and such countries and regions as Myanmar, India, Bhutan and Nepal in the south and west. It has an international border of nearly 4,000 km. The 1.22-million-square-km autonomous region accounts for 12.8 percent of China's total land area.

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region China

Xinjiang, or Xin is the largest providence, located in northwest China, and borders eight countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Kirghiziastan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Mongolia, India and Afghanistan.

Yunnan Province China

The province borders Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guizhou Province in the east, Sichuan Province in the north, and Tibet Autonomous Region in the northwest. It shares a border of 4,060 km with Myanmar in the west, Laos in the south, and Vietnam in the southeast.

Zhejiang Province China

Situated on China's southeastern coast, on the southern part of the Yangtze River Delta.

China Cities

Note:

Prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefecture-level cities form the second level of the administrative structure (alongside prefectures, leagues and autonomous prefectures).

Beijing China

Peking or Beijing; the sound is like Pbeijing.

Changchun China

Capital of the Jilin Porvidence

Changsha China

Chengdu China

Capital of the Sichuan Province

Chongqing China

It is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China's four provincial-level municipalities, located in nort east China, bordered by the provinces of Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Shaanxi.

Dalian China

Governing sub-provincial city in the eastern Liaoning Province

Fuzhou China

Capital of the Fujian Province

Guangzhou China

Capital of Guangdong Province, a port on the Pearl River at the Red Sea

Guilin China

In the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Guiyang China

The Capital of Guizhou Province

Haikou China

Capital of the Hainan Province

Hangzhou China

Capital of Zhejiang Province

Harbin China

The Capital of Heilongjaing Province

Hefei China

Capital of Anhui Province

Kunming China

Capital of Yunnan Province

Lanzhou China

Lanzhou is the capital city of Gansu Province

Nanchang China

Nanchang is the Capital of the Jiangxi Province

No Website

Nanjing China

Nanjing is the Capital of the Jiangsu Province

Nanning China

Nanning is the capital of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Ningbo China

In northeastern Zhejiang Province

Qingdao China

In eastern Shandong Province

Shanghai China

Shanghai China

Shanghai is the largest city and the financial and trade center in China. It is located on the banks of the Yangtze River

Shenzhen China

Shenzhen is a sub-provincial city in the Guangdong Province, in the southern coastal area of the province, it is 35 km north of Hong Kong.

Shenyang China

Capital of the Liaoning Province

Shijiazhuang China

Capital of the Hebei Province

Suzhou China

In the Jiangsu Province, on the lower Yangtze River and on the shores of Lake Taihu.

Taibei China

Taiyuan China

A prefecture-level city in China, capital of the Shanxi province.

Tianjin China

Urumqi, Urum-qi China

Capital of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region

Wuhan China

Capital of the Hubei Province

Xiamen China

Xi'an, Xian China

Capital of Shaanxi Province

Xining China

Capital of Qinghai Province

Zhengzhou China

Capital of the Henan Province

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